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To examine the knowledge strategies of school administrators and teachers in schools to acquire and use information for decision making in various areas of school development.

Quantitative correlational research design using survey questionnaire as the main instrument for data collection. The respondents were from 40 schools, and involved random selection of 282 school administrators and 500 teachers. The research was conducted using a 23 item questionnaire.

Personal knowledge strategies of school administrators and teachers are highly correlated to the perception of positive knowledge management environments in their schools (r = 0.57, p < 0.001); the quality of data kept within schools (r = 0.63 p < 0.001); and the extent decision making in schools was information‐driven. Personal strategies also tend to influence the knowledge culture within schools. Personal strategies can maneuver the way people seek and tolerate new knowledge, and how ideas are valued and used. Higher levels of personal knowledge strategies will also likely result in a stronger belief in the quality process of decision making in schools.

The knowledge strategies is not an exhaustive list.

School leaders need to cultivate competent knowledge strategies amongst their staff members to consolidate the knowledge culture in schools.

This paper identifies the need to actively create a school environment that enables teachers to actively and intensively utilize the information to create new knowledge and enhance the knowledge and information culture in their schools.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the visualizer interface that has been developed for the first phase of an automatic meaning extraction (AME) system.

AME system was developed to automatically extract concepts and their relations across texts from all domains of knowledge. One challenge for the developer is to create interface tools that help the users use the system. This paper describes a visualizer interface that can map the concepts and relations in the form of two‐dimensional graph or network.

Using this visualizer, users can maximize the use of AME system by allowing the visualization of the concepts' networks results. Users can search for a concept and view the relationships of the concept to other concepts. Those relationships can be traced back to the source sentences in the original documents through the “Show Text” function.

This visualizer is useful in solving the problem of visualizing the relationships between concepts across varied domains of knowledge. The extraction of relationships in the AME system is based upon a unique connector‐based relation extraction. It is particularly appropriate for target users such as the researcher, educators and learners. The visualizer implements the Java Universal Network/Graph Framework to provide a few functions that enable users to manipulate the concepts graph.

The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the antecedents and consequences of corporate brand image in the context of Islamic banks in Malaysia. The antecedents of corporate brand image are divided into three categories which are functional brand attribute, emotional brand attribute and spiritual brand attribute. The consequence of corporate brand image on the other hand is loyalty.

A self-administered survey was used to collect data from experienced Islamic banking customers. A total of 281 questionnaires were analysed using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling.

This study found a significant relationship between some aspects of the brand attributes and corporate brand image. Corporate brand image, in turn, influences customer loyalty.

These findings contribute to the understanding that in the context of Islamic banks, the corporate brand image is not only influenced by the functional and emotional aspects, but also the spiritual aspect especially factors related to beliefs. Practically, this study provides insight to the management on the aspects valued by customers in regards to their bank, which could be used to guide Islamic bank positioning strategy.

The concept of corporate brand image has been explored from the perspective of functional and emotional aspects only. This study offers a new attribute influencing corporate brand image in the Islamic banking context, which is the spiritual brand attribute.

This paper aims to evaluate the effects of fraud risk elements and integrity on asset misappropriation in the Royal Malaysian Police (RMP). In addition, this research also examines whether integrity moderates the relationship between fraud risk elements and asset misappropriation.

Data are gathered from the responses of the questionnaires distributed to the RMP. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed based on simple random selection from five RMP centres in the capital city. Out of 200 questionnaires distributed, only 189 were returned.

The findings indicate that the existence of fraud risk elements significantly affects the incident of asset misappropriation. An interesting finding was made that integrity is negatively related to asset misappropriation. This implies that integrity is an important value in minimising the occurrence of asset misappropriation. The results also indicate that minimising fraud risk elements is crucial in reducing the incident of asset misappropriation.

This present paper contributes to the literature by investigating a commonly proposed but underexplored elements of integrity in mitigating fraud. Incorporating integrity and fraud risk elements simultaneously in a single framework in context of RMP would enhance the understanding and will be able to provide a framework for practitioners on how to mitigate the incident of fraud.

This study aims to examine the relationship between corporate governance and the likelihood of corporate fraud in Malaysia.

The sample of fraudulent companies in this study is the public listed companies that were charged with furnishing false statements to the Securities Commission of Malaysia and Bursa Malaysia Securities Berhad and was listed in the Malaysian Securities Commission Enforcement Release from the year 2000 to 2016. The non-fraudulent companies, which are the control companies in this study, were selected from public listed companies listed in Bursa Malaysia, based on their similarity to the fraudulent companies in terms of time, size and industry type. The panel probit regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between corporate governance characteristics and the occurrence of corporate fraud.

The findings of this study suggest that board size and executive directors’ compensation are the corporate governance characteristics that can effectively combat corporate fraud incidences in Malaysia. The corporate governance features, namely the board of directors’ independence, frequency of board meetings, CEO duality, CEO’s age, and share ownership owned by directors and CEO, do not significantly influence corporate fraud incidences in Malaysia.

Although previous studies provide inconsistent findings on the association between board size and corporate fraud incidences, this study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence that smaller board sizes provide more effective monitoring functions to minimize corporate fraud incidences in the Malaysian context. The empirical evidence also supports the agency theory proposition where managers with high compensation will act in the best interest of shareholders and less likely to focus on their interests, thus deterring them from committing fraudulent acts.

The halal industry has been growing in recent years, seeing an increasing demand for halal products from both Muslim and non-Muslim consumers and acknowledging that halal is a universal concept accepted by both Muslim and non-Muslim societies. Service-related providers, such as logistics, could influence the demand for halal products by consumers. This paper aims to investigate the factors that influence consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for halal logistics among young non-Muslim adults.

A set of survey questions were distributed to young non-Muslim adults and 280 questionnaires were analysed.

The results indicate that three independent variables had a direct relationship and significant influence on the WTP for halal logistics among non-Muslim consumers. These variables are concern on halal, knowledge about halal and perception of halal logistics. Meanwhile, the awareness of halal logistics significantly influenced the consumers' WTP for halal logistics, provided that it was mediated by the perception of halal logistics.

Given the gap in research on halal logistics and WTP, this paper presents a consolidated examination of this subject, particularly the WTP of young non-Muslim adults. Furthermore, by including the perception of halal logistics as a mediator, this study leverages the halal logistics knowledge to a new level, thus deepening the understanding of this topic and contributing additional knowledge. This study also presents some opportunities for future empirical research.

This study aims to investigate the factors affecting micro, small and medium entrepreneurs’ (MSMEs) behavioural intention to participate in takaful schemes in Sri Lanka.

This research adopted a quantitative approach using primary data from a questionnaire. Out of 470 questionnaires, 432 were collected (91.91%) from MSMEs in Kalmunai business region in Sri Lanka. The data obtained were analysed using partial least square-structural equation modelling.

This study revealed that the extension model of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) can be effectively applied to behavioural intentions towards a takaful scheme by MSMEs. Out of eight hypotheses, seven were significant, including: attitude towards behavioural intention; subjective norm; perceived behavioural control; knowledge; religiosity; income; trust in takaful as a significant influence. However, awareness of intention was not found to be significant.

This study suggests advantages for takaful providers in Sri Lanka, especially marketing departments, for enhancing sale of products, refurbishing marketing strategies and understanding the purchasing motivation of business entrepreneurs. This study guides takaful companies as to where they should concentrate to enhance market penetration.

Previous studies have concentrated on only three factors which comprise TPB. This paper’s main contribution is on the uniqueness of the Muslim minority context in a pluralistic context, providing a marketing model for takaful operators based on the different relevant dimensions.

The production of biohydrogen from rice mill wastes, including rice bran and rice mill effluent by Clostridium acetobutylicum NCIM 2877 was investigated in a batch culture system and optimized the temperature and pH conditions. At 35 °C with initial pH of 5.2 a yield of 55.7±0.8 ml with 88.6 ± 0.3% substrate utilization and at pH 6 the production was 68.7 ± 0.9 ml with 85 ± 1.0 % substrate utilization. Addition of metal ions resulted in better yield and substrate utilization efficiency of the bacteria. FeSO₄.7H₂O at a concentration of 50 mg/l gave 79.7 ± 1.5 ml with 96% of substrate utilization. Cobalt effected the production greatly by giving 96.3 ± 0.9 ml with 95.3 ± 0.7% of substrate utilization whereas Nickel didn’t showed much effective results by giving only a maximum of 74.7 ± 1.5 ml production at 25 mg/l concentration. Conclusively, it can be stated that rice mill wastes can be used as a substrate and use of metal ions will play a key role in the enhancement of biohydrogen production.